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Medicinal Cannabis Glossary

CBD (Cannabidiol) – Phyto-cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant, does not have psychoactive effects. Has medicinal effects such as: anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, among others.

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) – Primary psychoactive phyto-cannabinoid found in cannabis. Known for its euphoric effects, also has medicinal properties such as: analgesic, antiemetic, muscle relaxant, among others.

Delta-8-THC (Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol) – THC variant that occurs naturally in small amounts in the cannabis plant. Known for its milder psychoactive effects compared to Delta-9-THC, with therapeutic potential for pain and anxiety relief.

Delta-9-THC (Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol) – The most common and psychoactive form of THC found in cannabis. Known for its euphoric and medicinal effects, such as: analgesic, antiemetic, muscle relaxant, among others.

THCV (Tetrahydrocannabivarin) – Phyto-cannabinoid found in cannabis, structurally similar to THC. Has unique medicinal properties, such as appetite suppressant, potential in diabetes treatment, and as a neuroprotective agent.

Cannabis Sativa – One of the main cannabis species, generally associated with energizing and stimulating effects. Used for both recreational and medicinal purposes.

Cannabis Indica – Another main cannabis species, known for its relaxing and sedative effects. Widely used for medicinal purposes, especially in the treatment of insomnia and chronic pain.

Phytocannabinoids – Chemical compounds found in the cannabis plant that interact with the human body's endocannabinoid system. Include CBD, THC, CBG, among others.

Endocannabinoids – Compounds produced by the human body that bind to cannabinoid receptors. Include anandamide and 2-AG.

Endocannabinoid System – Biological system composed of cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoids, and enzymes. Regulates various physiological functions, including pain, mood, appetite, and memory.

CB1 Receptors – Cannabinoid receptors mainly found in the central nervous system. Interact primarily with THC.

CB2 Receptors – Cannabinoid receptors mainly found in the immune system. Interact primarily with CBD.

Terpenes – Aromatic compounds found in cannabis and other plants. Contribute to the aroma and flavor of cannabis and may have their own therapeutic effects.

Entourage Effect – Theory that compounds in cannabis (cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids) work synergistically to create a more comprehensive therapeutic effect than isolated compounds.

Full-Spectrum – Products that contain all the natural compounds of the cannabis plant, including cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids.

Broad-Spectrum – Products that contain multiple compounds from the cannabis plant, but without THC.

CBD Isolate – Product containing only isolated cannabidiol (CBD), without other cannabinoids, terpenes, or flavonoids.

CBN (Cannabinol) – Non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid found in cannabis. Known for its sedative properties and therapeutic potential in sleep disorders.

CBG (Cannabigerol) – Non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid found in cannabis. Known for its therapeutic potential in inflammation, pain, and bacterial infections.

Decarboxylation – Process by which cannabinoid acids are converted into their active forms (e.g., THCA into THC) through heat.

CBD Oil – Cannabis extract diluted in a carrier oil, such as coconut oil or olive oil, used for medicinal purposes.

CBD Tincture – Cannabis extract dissolved in alcohol or another solvent, used for sublingual administration.

Vaporization – Method of cannabis consumption that involves heating the plant or extract to a temperature that releases cannabinoids and terpenes in the form of vapor, without combustion.

Edibles – Foods and beverages infused with cannabinoids, used for oral cannabis consumption.

Microdosing – Cannabis consumption technique in small doses, aiming to obtain therapeutic benefits without intense psychoactive effects.

Legalization – Process of making the production, sale, and use of cannabis legal for recreational or medicinal purposes.

Decriminalization – Process of reducing or eliminating criminal penalties associated with cannabis use.

Hemp – Variety of Cannabis sativa with low THC content (<0.3%). Used industrially for fiber, food, oils, and other products.

THCA (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid) – Non-psychoactive acidic form of THC found in the cannabis plant. Converts to THC through decarboxylation.

CBDA (Cannabidiolic Acid) – Non-psychoactive acidic form of CBD found in the cannabis plant. Converts to CBD through decarboxylation.

Synthetic Cannabinoid – Compounds created in the laboratory that mimic the effects of phytocannabinoids. Used in research and in some prescribed medications.

Jaboticannabis – Interesting analogy between cannabis and jabuticaba, a plant traditionally of Brazilian origin. Highlights the possibility of Brazil creating its own cannabis species, showing the country's ability to integrate tradition and modernity in its agricultural and industrial practices. The creation of its own regulation also contributes to a better development of the agenda in the country.